Research has advanced our understanding of the relationship between humans and the ecosystem but this is certainly an area where there is a need for more research to directly show a cause and effect relationship between the choices we make and impact to the environment. Concerns regarding overpopulation, inadequate biological resources, potential destruction of ecosystems due to industrial development, climate change, urbanization, agricultural innovations, pesticides need to be considered. There is potential to affect patterns of human health, disease and nutritional status, however the impact of one choice does not live in a vacuum and can have ripple effects on multiple parts of the overall food system.